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Digital transformation of government: how technology is changing the work of government agencies

How technology changes public sector work, increases process transparency, and improves the quality of government services.

  • Why does the state need digital transformation?
  • Key Areas
  • Security
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Introduction

  1. Digitalization of government institutions is not only about introducing technologies, but also about changing approaches to management, increasing transparency, and improving efficiency. In this process, both technology and the readiness of society and public servants for change matter. Every year, more and more people request public services in digital form.

  2. This is much more convenient than traditional service: there is no need to go anywhere, collect paper certificates, or wait in lines.

  3. Government digital transformation helps it become more modern, meet citizens' growing expectations, and respond to threats more effectively.

  4. Implementing such projects takes hundreds of billions of rubles and decades, even when a relatively small country is involved.

Why does the state need digital transformation?

Digital technologies have already become an indispensable tool across a wide range of sectors, from business to social welfare.

However, using them in isolation is not very effective and can sometimes be unsafe. For example, it is not enough just to implement electronic document management: tools are also needed to protect data from theft.

Government digital transformation creates online platforms for digital services, coordinates how they work together, and integrates the legal framework.

Implementing digital transformation at the state level helps achieve results such as easy access to services, so citizens do not have to leave home to apply for a tax deduction, book a doctor appointment, or complete a transaction; lower costs, as digital transformation optimizes the number of officials and issuing electronic documents is cheaper; business stimulation, since registering a legal entity digitally is much easier than doing so

that, collecting dozens of paper certificates, so companies develop faster; strengthening trust in the state.

Key areas of digital transformation

Government-level digital transformation takes place in several areas at once. These include administration, services, security, and HR. Each area has its own specifics.

Area: Management

This area includes a whole range of functions, tools, and methods, from forecasting and planning national policy to overseeing budget allocation.

Digital transformation in public administration helps to: reduce routine processes by handing them over to RPA and AI; cut bureaucracy - for example, passport issuance will take far less time than before; control access to information - on the one hand, integrated databases help obtain the needed information as quickly as possible, and on the other, access to confidential data can easily be restricted for individual employees; receive

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timely, highly accurate reports, since automation means they can be created without human involvement, which in turn increases processing speed and reduces careless errors.

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Digital transformation in public administration is underway in most modern countries. For example, in 2024 the CIS government issued a decree stating the requirement for the state to fully switch to EDI within 6 years.

Area: Services for citizens and business

The state is increasingly providing

Services

Now there is no need to visit a public service center to get a passport, or apply for benefits through a social welfare office.

Today, online you can: register as a legal entity or sole proprietor; obtain a license, for example, to sell alcohol or medicines; file a return with the Federal Tax Service; sign an employment contract, including with a foreign national; apply for a subsidy, grant, tax deduction, and more; obtain a construction permit; submit an application for product certification or verification of an existing certificate; and take part in a government contract or procurement.

These and many other procedures can be completed through the Gosuslugi portal by opening the business section.

The same way, you can get advice on most business-related matters, from how insurance contributions are calculated to fire inspection requirements. And to stay up to date with legal changes, avoid missing a tax payment deadline, or learn about a new tender in time, you can subscribe to email updates.

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Area: Security

  1. Protection against external and internal threats is one of the main areas of digital transformation in government.

  2. Main tasks: eliminate damage that may be caused to public sector IT infrastructure; protect confidential information from leakage; prevent successful cyberattacks; create tools for more effective civil defense.

  3. For information security, digital transformation in government must include the development and integration of a range of systems and software.

  4. These may include IT solutions for threat monitoring, multi-level data encryption, and biometric identification. For example, since 2018 in

  5. CIS has the GosSOPKA project, which was created to protect critical infrastructure facilities.

  6. GosSOPKA functions: identifying vulnerabilities; analyzing potential and actual threats; recording hacking attempts, leaks, and other incidents; responding to cyberattacks by stopping, investigating, and analyzing them.

Area: Workforce

  1. The shift to digital services means government employees now need to know how to work with such tools and software.

  2. These may include AIS systems, the Gosuslugi portal, analytics services, and much more.

  3. Training and upskilling are usually carried out through seminars, workshops, and other events.

  4. As a rule, the knowledge gained is assessed through tests or practical exercises.

Digital transformation tools: CIS and artificial intelligence

Digital transformation of large public sectors, such as the economy, finance, and social services, uses not one but many IT solutions.

Each of them serves its own purpose. CIS (Corporate Information System)

A corporate information system is a full platform for digital processes at many different levels.

Its purpose may be specialized or universal. For example, the portal

Gosuslugi is used by both individuals and business representatives, and through it you can apply for almost any document, from an employment record extract to a liquor sales license. The unified biometric system is intended for one specific task: secure login to a personal account using the owner's fingerprint or face.

Main tasks of the CIS: storing, processing, and archiving electronic documents; serving citizens and businesses online; automating internal processes, so tasks that were once done manually no longer take up the time and effort of public sector employees; reducing bureaucracy, since many actions can be completed through a one-stop service model using corporate information systems; interaction between different agencies, since after digital transformation

in the public sector, data exchange does not depend on an institution's status or geographic location.

Artificial intelligence

AI tools are needed to automate routine work, reduce the workload on departments that deal with citizens, and analyze data. For example, neural networks can: process incoming letters and requests by sorting them by parameters, filling in fields, and so on; help officials solve work tasks, for example by gathering data, analyzing it, and producing a forecast needed to choose a particular decision; respond to citizen requests, from finding the needed information to resolving common issues.

AI can simplify business registration, reduce the risk of an unscheduled audit, and speed up applying for a subsidy or taking part in a tender. A neural network can calculate tax and insurance contributions, find errors in human-made calculations, warn about approaching reporting deadlines, and much more.

Big data

Nearly all government functions deal with vast amounts of data, and digital transformation should simplify these processes. For example, the Smart City video surveillance system in Moscow includes more than 150,000 cameras operating around the clock. Video recordings from these cameras count as Big Data because they form an enormous body of information.

A neural network is used to monitor and process it. It identifies unlawful actions, detects people who are wanted, and sends the appropriate alert to the police. Data for Big Data is collected from several sources at once: video surveillance systems; street sensors; social networks; banking transactions; statistics (survey data, voting data, and so on).

Working with Big Data in government digital transformation helps not only detect problems in time, from infrastructure failures to crimes, but also develop preventive measures.

Internet of Things

(IoT) IoT technologies benefit both production and non-production sectors of the public sector. For example, they are used in areas such as transport. Smart cameras help regulate city traffic, while smart street lighting and road sign illumination turn on automatically. Utilities.

Smart meters automatically send readings for water, electricity, and gas use, sensor systems sort waste by composition, and smoke and fire detectors in apartment buildings help contain fires at an early stage. Energy. Sensors can monitor electricity consumption, distribute capacity across urban grids, detect leaks, identify faults, and more. Ecology.

For example, drones are used to monitor forest fires, and disaster alerts are sent by SMS to everyone with a mobile phone. Healthcare: this sector uses health bands, sensors that monitor temperature, humidity, and other indicators, and interactive navigation systems in clinics. Education: for greater visual clarity, lessons can be conducted using VR equipment. Law enforcement.

Video cameras track unlawful activity and identify criminals, alarm systems alert law enforcement to threats, and detectors of explosive and radioactive substances help prevent terrorist attacks. The Internet of Things works only together with IT solutions. These include high-speed wireless communication, cloud computing, big data, API services, cybersecurity tools, and much more.

Stages of Government Digital Transformation

  1. Government digital transformation begins with developing a strategy and an implementation roadmap.

  2. Since digital transformation cannot be rolled out across all sectors at once, it is usually broken into separate projects. For example, the transition of the CIS economy is set out in the national project "Data Economy," while learning systems are covered in "Education."

  3. After work on the strategy comes the legal framework. This includes regulations, laws, rules, and everything that governs digital transformation in government.

  4. After that, building the IT infrastructure and selecting software solutions begins.

  5. At the next stage, processes are moved into a new format.

Services

  1. are started in online mode, and some procedures are automated or removed altogether.

  2. At the same time, public sector employees are trained, and citizens receive notifications about changes in how agencies operate.

  3. At the final stage, specialists assess the success of digital transformation in government, identify weaknesses, and develop solutions that will help reduce risks to zero in the future.

  4. Some problems are solved as soon as they are discovered. For example, database vulnerabilities, IoT outages, and infrastructure weaknesses can be fixed before digital transformation is even completed.

What lies ahead?

  1. Digital transformation is a set of actions that make interactions between citizens, businesses, and the state faster, safer, and simpler.

  2. Such projects require a lot of effort and time. Even in developed countries such as

  3. In Switzerland, digital transformation is still far from complete.

  4. Implementation can be affected by many factors, from geopolitics to the size of a particular country's budget.

  5. Proper implementation of digital transformation will not only improve living standards and create comfortable conditions for business, but also support international cooperation.

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