The core technique is GPU snapshotting: the state of an already-warm process, loaded model weights, and initialized CUDA context are frozen and restored in seconds instead of reinitializing the GPU and fully reloading the weights, which can take more than a minute.
Trigger
Modal—an infrastructure company for running AI models—raised $355 million in a Series C round and reoriented its architecture around agent experience: a hardware contract for processes that live for seconds. The company's CTO, Akshat Bubna, describes the redesign concretely: elastic inference, GPU state snapshots, isolated sandboxes for every run, and operation across 17 cloud providers at once. An agent is a short-lived process: it starts, runs for seconds, and ends in thousands of copies per hour.